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Sunday, 16 November 2025

Finland Tour 3 - wild life safari

 



After we went to Suomenlinna in the morning, my wife had organized a Wildlife Safari for the late afternoon. This trip took place on September 8th.

We stopped near a café half an hour early, in accordance with "German time," which is to say, well ahead of the actual scheduled time.

Two other people joined the three of us for the trip. Since they had booked online, we only met them at that moment. The woman was from Switzerland, and the young man was another German national. Our safari guide introduced herself as a Finnish national; her name was Patricia. The journey in her van began after my daughter and I sat in the front seats, and the other three sat in the back.

The journey started from a place in Helsinki called Nervanderinkatu. After a drive of about forty-five minutes, we arrived in the Porkkalanniemi (Porkkala) area.

During the journey, Patricia, who was quite chatty, mentioned that she spoke Egyptian, German, Finnish, and other languages. She also said that because they disliked the cold, her mother, father, and sister live in Egypt. Out of curiosity, when I asked her why, she explained that her father had a Finnish passport but also held a Jordanian passport, which allowed him to reside in Egypt.

I immediately asked if he was Palestinian. To her surprise, she said I was the only person who had ever suggested that. She then asked how I knew. I explained that I knew many Palestinians had been forced to live in Jordan due to war, obtaining Jordanian passports, and that they were later allowed to reside in Egypt. After that, she became much more friendly and open with us. She shared her entire family story during the trip. She also mentioned that her Finnish mother preferred Egypt and that Patricia herself might move there later on.

The person in the picture is lovely Patricia. 
The Porkkala area is also historically significant. The region it is located in is called Kirkkonummi.

Czar Peter the Great (Peter I) of Russia established military bases here to protect St. Petersburg. Although this was done because the area was an access point to the Gulf of Finland, the region was returned to the Finns after they gained independence from the Russian Empire. However, at the end of World War II, the Soviet Union leased this area from Finland from 1944 to 1956 to establish a naval base. All residents were evacuated.

After the Soviet troops withdrew, the area became overgrown and wild. Because it remained uninhabited by people, a scenic forest area developed here. It is now home to large animals similar to elk, known as Moose, as well as Reindeer, Fallow Deer, a large variety of rabbits, and various migratory birds. Brown bears and wolves can also be seen sometimes.

Many Finnish nationals and tourists visit here for hiking. There are also many people who pitch tents and spend the night during the spring. Patricia mentioned that during the snowy winter season, a unique and different kind of beauty can be seen in this area.















Patricia invited us to chop wood to prepare the food for our safari.

In Finland, the government has set up barbecue areas in forests and tourist sites meant for hiking. There are also designated wood storage areas. There is plenty of wood available there for lighting fires, and axes and saws are provided for chopping the wood. You can quickly saw the wood into sections and then use a sharp, guillotine-like wedge to split the logs into smaller pieces by hitting them with another wooden club. We helped Patricia chop the wood very quickly.
  







This is a beautiful area for walking. The environment is extremely quiet, broken only by the beauty of the scenery and the occasional sound of a bird or another animal. We only saw one other van with a couple who were setting up a tent to stay for the night.

We also learned another interesting thing: in Finland, anyone—a resident or a tourist—is permitted to stay on any private land for 24 hours (one day). If it's written on the front of a house in some places, you can even stay there. Some people leave their cabins unlocked. Even though you aren't allowed to enter locked cabins, you can stay on the surrounding land. I believe this rule may have been established in case someone gets lost during very cold periods when temperatures can drop to negative forty.

We walked around while Patricia prepared the food. In the meantime, we picked and ate some red berries. Patricia gave us a meat bun to eat and served us juice made from those berries at her home. I must say, in Sri Lanka, you would get a better food spread on a safari like this.

However, I don't like how safaris in countries like Sri Lanka or Kenya involve twenty or thirty jeeps going into the national parks, stopping, and waiting. There is a certain kind of noise associated with that. We much prefer going to isolated places like this.

It got dark very quickly, and then we went to look for animals.  





Here are the photographs of the two Moose we took using the binoculars we were given. Two Fallow Deer (Spotted Deer) were also right there. Other than that, we didn't see any other animals 











Since night had fallen, we left the area. It was past eight o'clock in the evening when we arrived back in Helsinki.

Here are a couple of videos that were uploaded to the YouTube channel:.

Traveling along the road in the vehicle: 



A large rabbit running across the front of the vehicle.


The moment we spotted the two Moose.
  

Ajith 15/11/2025

Finland's concept of "Everyman's Rights" (Jokamiehenoikeudet)

Access is Free and Open: The core principle is that anyone (resident or tourist) can move around, hike, ski, cycle, and temporarily stay or camp in nature, even on private land, without the landowner's permission or charge.

Temporary Camping: You are generally allowed to set up a tent and camp temporarily (for a short period, like a night or a weekend) on private land as long as you are following the rules.

Silence and Isolation: The environment must remain undisturbed. You must not cause harm, damage, or disturbance to the environment or the landowner.

Saturday, 1 November 2025

Finland Tour 2 - Suomenlinna

 

Finland Tour 1- Helsinky 

Suomenlinna is an island fortress built in the eighteenth century. Madara, my sister's daughter who lives in Finland, said that we should go see it. "Uncle, it's a beautiful island," she said. Meanwhile, when I called my friend, Dasaya who lives in Finland , he also said, "Brother, Suomenlinna is fantastic, you should go." I asked him what this 'Leena' or 'Linna' meant. Dasaya said that 'Linna' means fortress, and that there is a fortress on the island. After looking into it, I realized that since the name of the area we were staying in also ended with 'linna', there must have been a fortress near here as well. ( The name Suomenlinna literally means "Castle of Finland" in Finnish, and the Finnish word linna means "castle" or "fortress")

The previous day in Helsinki, our tour guide told a wonderful story. Suomenlinna is a sea fortress consisting of eight islands. The King of Sweden built these fortresses in the eighteenth century (1748) to protect against the Russian Empire. At the beginning of the eighteen hundreds, when the Russians invaded Finland, they realized they could not conquer it because of the Suomenlinna fortresses. Therefore, during the First Finnish War in 1808, they surrounded these islands and captured them after a two-month blockade. After that, Helsinki easily fell into the hands of the Russians. Russia annexed Finland in 1809. They named it the Grand Duchy of Finland and established an autonomous government.

This fortress served as the headquarters for the Russian Baltic Navy during the First World War. Russian troops withdrew in 1917 after Lenin recognized Finland's right to self-determination.

In 1991, Suomenlinna was named a UNESCO World Heritage site.

One can travel to the main island of Suomenlinna from Helsinki in half an hour. There is no special charge for this; one can get there by paying the same fare as for a regular bus or tram.

I included pictures in the first slide. However, this picture is being included to show that many of the houses here are of the Russian style. Many houses made of wood in this same style can be seen outside of Moscow in Russia.


The shape of the Russian Orthodox church, built here in the nineteenth century, has been slightly altered and changed to suit the Lutheran faith practiced by the Finns.

Below are the pictures taken by me.  
 

These videos are in my youtube channel



Ajith 31/10/2025

This is from google serach:

The Swedish Era (1748–1808): Building a Defense

  • Purpose: The fortress was originally built by the Kingdom of Sweden to protect the region from the expansionist Russian Empire.

  • Construction: Work began in 1748 on a cluster of islands off Helsinki. It was an enormous undertaking for the Swedish state in the 18th century.

  • Original Name: It was first known by its Swedish name, Sveaborg ("Fortress of Sweden"), or Viapori in Finnish.

  • Design: The design was heavily influenced by the French military engineer Vauban and adapted to the rocky islands, resulting in an impressive bastion fortress.

The Russian Era (1808–1918): Conquest and Reinforcement

  • Conquest: During the Finnish War (1808–1809), the fortress, despite its formidable reputation, was besieged by Russian forces and surrendered in 1808 after a two-month blockade. This loss quickly led to Russia's annexation of Finland and the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1809.

  • Military Base: Under Russian rule, the fortress remained a crucial military base, protecting the newly established capital of Helsinki and serving as a base for the Baltic Fleet.

  • Damage and Rebuilding: It suffered severe damage from a bombardment by Anglo-French forces during the Crimean War in 1855. The Russians subsequently rebuilt and modernised the defenses, equipping it with more modern artillery.

  • World War I: During WWI, it became part of the larger "Peter the Great's Naval Fortress" defensive system, intended to protect the Russian capital, St. Petersburg.

The Finnish Era (1918–Present): Independence and World Heritage

  • Independence: After Finland declared independence from Russia in 1917, the newly formed Finnish state took over the fortress in 1918.

  • Renaming: It was officially renamed Suomenlinna ("Castle of Finland") to reflect the country's new independent status.

  • Changing Role: In the aftermath of the Finnish Civil War, the islands briefly served as a prison camp. It then functioned as a Finnish garrison for decades, playing a role in the defense of Finland during World War II.

  • Civilian Transition: The military's presence gradually declined, and in 1973, the fortress was converted for civilian use.


Friday, 10 October 2025

Finland Tour 1- Helsinky

We went to Helsinki on the sixth of September. We explored the city on the sixth and the seventh. This time, we didn't stay in a hotel but in an apartment rented through Airbnb. The building was located inside a gated compound. I mentioned the familiar feeling to Ines and my daughter, but they didn't understand it. However, when we went out to the nearby supermarket, it dawned on me that the buildings and apartment blocks were similar to those in the Russian cities of Moscow or Saint Petersburg, where I had lived. 

Pictures of it are in the slide below. The picture that looks like a yellow bun is a dish made from potatoes. It can be eaten for breakfast or lunch. When we walked out in the area we were staying, we saw the first island we'd come across in Finland, located very close to the shore. Finland is the Land of a Thousand Lakes. It has 187,888 lakes larger than 500 square meters. Almost all of them have an island as well. After walking a short distance, we were also able to see a vintage car exhibition. I took a few pictures amidst my wife's fussing. I found it strange that Lipton tea packets are sold here as Russian Earl Grey.

.    

      The next day, we joined a tour guide who was introducing us to the city of Helsinki. He said his mother was Spanish and his father was Finnish. Apparently He goes to Spain and lives there during the winter.

According to him, for nearly 300 years under Swedish rule, Helsinki was just a small village. They established a village in Helsinki to levy taxes on the ships, boats, and other vessels passing nearby. Since it wasn't very successful, they had abandoned Helsinki.

However, everything changed in the 19th century after the Russians took control. Tsar Alexander II instructed Carl Ludvig Engel, the German architect who had built the buildings in Saint Petersburg, to plan and design the city of Helsinki. This is how Helsinki, which was previously a village, became a major city like Saint Petersburg.


A statue of Tsar Romanov has been erected in the city center by the residents of Helsinki to show their gratitude. I thought he might be the only Russian they respect these days.

However, our guide surprised us by also mentioning Lenin. The other Russian whom the Finns respect is Lenin, who signed the agreement granting Finland independence after the October Revolution in 1917. Whenever Lenin fled the Tsarist regime, Finland was the first to give him refuge.

The house where Lenin stayed is on a street called Sörnäisten Rantatie. He and Trotsky also hid in the Oulunkylä district, and Lenin used the alias Doctor Müller.

It's truly amazing to see how the direct connection and a century of history between these two cities are reflected in these buildings. Our guide is standing near this statue. The inscription on the statue is written in Swedish. Although only about 3% of the population speaks it, it is a national or second official language. Therefore, you can see that almost every sign is translated into Swedish.

There is a statue of a mermaid in Helsinki, located near the market square. It is named Havis Amanda. It is a creation by the artist Ville Vallgren, and it was unveiled in 1908. Since the statue depicts her rising from the sea, the Finns believe it symbolizes the new birth of the city of Helsinki.

There were mostly small restaurants selling fried fish in the Market Square. There were also stalls selling various trinkets and souvenirs. A Russian person at one of the stalls asked us where we were from.

In many places, after we say we are from London, they ask again, 'But where are you really from?' In England, asking such a question might be considered racist or xenophobic. However, I usually just answer easily by saying I was born in Sri Lanka.

At this location, the Russian pointed to a nearby stall and said that someone fromSri Lanka was also there. The owner of that stall, which sells wooden children's toys and educational items imported from Sri Lanka, had arrived from Sri Lanka about forty years ago. Unfortunately, I have forgotten his name.

 We also visited the large library and the rock concert hall there, and then stopped for a coffee. We took two very delicious types of cake and paid for them, but they didn't charge us for the coffee and tea. We found out that they were free of charge. Pictures of the library and its surroundings are in the second slide.

Although the library did not have any Sinhala books, it did have books in Russian and other languages. I specifically mentioned the Russian books because recently, a large number of Russian literature books were burned in Ukraine. We also observed that many Finns here speak English well.

 Near some of the buildings and apartment blocks, a picture of an animal is engraved. Many Finnish residents were unable to read at the time. Therefore, during the period of Swedish rule, they identified addresses or their location by using the names of animals.

For example, a common way to give an address back then would be, 'We are staying in the Pig's building, which is right next to the Elephant's building, after turning by the Bear's building.

 

At the end of the day, we went to a restaurant for dinner. Many of the people working there were not Finnish but were of other nationalities. We also met a young Sri Lankan student who was studying at a university there.

Finns have a great interest in their farmlands and vehicles like tractors that they use on them. This 'farmer's restaurant' had a few tractors displayed inside. We ordered a dish of cooked fish, blinis, and reindeer soup. The taste of these was very similar to many Russian and German foods. The soup my wife's mother makes with venison during the winter in Germany is just like it.

The gray house in the last picture is about 250 years old.  A few more articles about Finland will be written.








some you tube videos of tram and trains.







Ajith 10/10/2025  


 

Sunday, 28 September 2025

Railway 200 - 200 years to Railway

The development of the modern railway is intrinsically linked to the pioneering work of George Stephenson and his son, Robert Stephenson, culminating in the opening of the Stockton & Darlington Railway (S&DR) in 1825.

George Stephenson, His Son, and the First Railway

George Stephenson (1781–1848), often called the "Father of Railways," was an English civil and mechanical engineer.2 Despite a lack of formal early education, he became a skilled engine-wright and dedicated himself to his son's schooling.3

His only surviving son, Robert Stephenson (1803–1859), built upon his father's foundational work. Robert was formally educated and became an exceptional civil engineer and locomotive designer in his own right, often called the greatest engineer of the 19th century.5 He was a partner in the firm Robert Stephenson and Company, which his father established to build locomotives.

The father and son worked together on the Stockton & Darlington Railway (S&DR), which opened on September 27, 1825.7

  • George Stephenson surveyed the route and championed the use of steam locomotives.

  • The first steam locomotive to run on the S&DR was Locomotion No. 1, designed and built by Robert Stephenson and Company.9

  • The S&DR was the world's first public railway to use steam locomotives to carry both coal freight and passengers, proving the commercial and technical viability of steam-powered rail transport.

The Stephensons' partnership continued their legacy with the Liverpool & Manchester Railway (opened 1830).11 Robert Stephenson's famous locomotive, the Rocket, won the 1829 Rainhill Trials, solidifying the choice of steam locomotion for the new line and setting the template for future steam engine design worldwide.


Significance and World Transformation

The opening of the Stockton & Darlington Railway marked the true birth of the modern railway and triggered a profound, irreversible shift in global society, industry, and culture.

Economic and Industrial Transformation

  • Mass Transport: Railways provided a new, efficient, and reliable method for transporting heavy, bulky goods (like coal, iron ore, and finihed products) overland, which was previously slow and costly via canals or roads. This directly fuelled the Industrial Revolution by linking factories, mines, and ports.

  • Financial Model: The S&DR demonstrated that a steam-powered public railway could be a financial success, attracting massive investment for railway expansion (later dubbed "Railway Mania") across Britain and, subsequently, the world.

  • New Industries: The demand for rails, locomotives, bridges, and rolling stock spurred massive growth in the iron, steel, and mechanical engineering industries.

Social and Cultural Change

  • Connecting People and Ideas: The railway made travel and communication significantly faster and more accessible.18 It connected places, people, communities, and ideas, enabling the flow of labour, goods, and information over greater distances than ever before.

  • Standard Time: Scheduling trains across long routes necessitated a consistent clock, leading to the adoption of Railway Time and eventually Standard Time across nations.

  • Urban Growth: Railways facilitated the growth of new towns (like Middlesbrough on the S&DR line) and the expansion of cities, allowing people to commute and industries to centralise.

Legacy and Modern Impact

The S&DR's success established the standard gauge (4 feet, 8.5 inches), which became the basis for the majority of the world's rail networks. The principles developed by the Stephensons laid the groundwork for the global network of railways that remains a critical component of modern transport, connecting continents and sustaining global supply chains today.


Railway 200: Celebrating the Bicentenary

The Railway 200 campaign is a nationwide, year-long partnership celebrating 200 years of the modern railway in 2025, commemorating the S&DR's bicentenary.

  • Goal: To celebrate the railway's past, present, and future, while inspiring a new generation of young pioneering talent to pursue careers in the rail industry.

  • Involvement: It invites communities, rail enthusiasts, and various groups to participate in events and activities throughout the year.

  • Themes: Key themes include Skills & Education, Innovation, Technology & Environment, Heritage, Culture & Tourism, and Celebrating Railway People, highlighting rail's role in a sustainable future.

I asked google Gemini to give me an answer to railway 200. I really like this .